12th Syllabus of MP Board Economics

The syllabus for MP Board Class 12 Economics for the academic year 2025-2026 typically includes the following units:

Part A: Introductory Microeconomics

1. Introduction

   • Definition of Economics
   • Micro and Macro Economics
   • Central Problems of an Economy
   • Production Possibility Curve

2. Consumer Equilibrium and Demand

   • Consumer's Equilibrium: Utility Analysis and Indifference Curve Analysis
   • Demand: Law of Demand and Determinants
   • Elasticity of Demand: Price, Income, and Cross Elasticity

3. Producer Behavior and Supply

   • Production Function: Returns to a Factor and Returns to Scale
   • Cost: Short-run and Long-run Costs
   • Revenue: Total, Average, and Marginal Revenue
   • Producer’s Equilibrium
   • Supply: Law of Supply and Elasticity of Supply

4. Forms of Market and Price Determination

   • Various Forms of Market: Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly
   • Price Determination under Perfect Competition
   • Market Equilibrium

5. Simple Applications of Tools of Demand and Supply Curves

   • Applications in Real Life Situations

Part B: Introductory Macroeconomics

1. National Income and Related Aggregates

   • Basic Concepts: GDP, GNP, NNP, NDP
   • Methods of Calculating National Income: Production, Income, and Expenditure Methods
   • Aggregates of National Income: Gross and Net, Market Price, and Factor Cost
   • Real and Nominal GDP

2. Money and Banking

   • Money: Meaning and Functions
   • Supply of Money: M1, M2, M3
   • Banking: Functions of Commercial Banks
   • Central Bank: Role and Functions

3. Determination of Income and Employment

   • Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
   • Propensity to Consume and Save
   • Investment Multiplier
   • Determination of Income and Employment
   • Excess and Deficient Demand: Measures to Correct

4. Government Budget and the Economy

   • Government Budget: Meaning and Components
   • Classification of Receipts and Expenditures
   • Balanced, Surplus, and Deficit Budget
   • Fiscal Policy and its Instruments

5. Balance of Payments

   • Balance of Trade and Balance of Payments
   • Components of Balance of Payments
   • Foreign Exchange Rate: Fixed and Flexible
   • Determination of Exchange Rate in a Free Market

Project Work

• Project Work on Various Topics
  • Collection and Analysis of Data on Economic Variables
  • Comparison of Economic Indicators
  • Understanding Economic Concepts through Case Studies

MP Board Class 12 Free Resources are 

NCERT Textbook for class 12

NCERT Solutions for Economics

Sample paper for MP board class 12 

All subject syllabus for MP Board

Find Below the PDF of the MP Board class 12 syllabus & Marking Scheme of Economics