ICSE Class 10 Chemistry Syllabus For Academic Session 2025-2026
The ICSE Class 10 Chemistry syllabus is structured to provide students with a solid foundation in chemical concepts, reactions, and principles. Here is a detailed breakdown of the ICSE Class 10 Chemistry syllabus:
1. Periodic Properties and Variations of Properties
- Periodic Table: Modern periodic table, groups, and periods.
- Periodic Properties: Atomic size, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity.
- Variations Across a Period and Down a Group: Explanation of trends in properties.
2. Chemical Bonding
- Electrovalent Bond: Definition, formation, and examples (e.g., NaCl, MgO).
- Covalent Bond: Definition, formation, and examples (e.g., H₂, Cl₂, CH₄).
- Coordinate Bond: Definition, formation, and examples (e.g., NH₄⁺, H₃O⁺).
- Comparison of Electrovalent and Covalent Compounds: Physical properties and solubility.
3. Acids, Bases, and Salts
- Acids and Bases: Definitions based on the Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry concepts, pH scale.
- Strength of Acids and Bases: Strong and weak acids and bases; pH values.
- Salts: Types of salts, examples of normal, acidic, and basic salts; properties of salts.
- Preparation of Salts: Laboratory preparation of salts, including titration.
4. Analytical Chemistry
- Identification of Anions: Tests for anions like carbonate, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, and sulphite.
- Identification of Cations: Tests for cations like ammonium, copper, iron, zinc, and lead.
- Amphoteric Oxides: Characteristics and reactions with acids and bases.
5. Mole Concept and Stoichiometry
- Mole Concept: Definition, Avogadro’s number, molar mass, and molecular mass.
- Empirical and Molecular Formula: Calculation and difference between empirical and molecular formulas.
- Stoichiometry: Balancing chemical equations, mole ratio, mass-volume relationships in chemical reactions.
6. Electrolysis
- Electrolysis Process: Definitions, terms (electrolyte, electrodes, anode, cathode), and mechanism.
- Electrolytic Cell: Electrolytic cells and the working principle.
- Faraday’s Laws of Electrolysis: First and second laws, applications in electroplating.
- Applications of Electrolysis: Industrial applications, electrorefining, and electroplating.
7. Metallurgy
- Occurrence of Metals: Minerals and ores, extraction of metals from ores.
- Stages of Metallurgy: Concentration, roasting, smelting, refining of metals.
- Alloys: Definition, purpose of alloying, examples of common alloys.
8. Study of Compounds
- Hydrogen Chloride: Preparation, properties, and uses of HCl, laboratory preparation.
- Ammonia: Preparation, properties, uses of ammonia, laboratory preparation.
- Nitric Acid: Preparation, properties, and uses of nitric acid, laboratory preparation.
- Sulphuric Acid: Preparation, properties, and uses of sulphuric acid, laboratory preparation.
- Water of Crystallization: Explanation with examples.
9. Organic Chemistry
- Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Definition, bonding in carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated compounds.
- Homologous Series: Definition, examples, and characteristics.
- Nomenclature: Naming simple organic compounds (alkanes, alkenes, alkynes).
- Isomerism: Definition, types of isomerism with examples.
- Hydrocarbons: Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, preparation, properties, and reactions.
- Functional Groups: Identification and properties of functional groups like alcohol, aldehyde, carboxylic acid.
- Simple Reactions of Organic Compounds: Combustion, substitution, addition, and oxidation reactions.
This detailed syllabus ensures that students gain a thorough understanding of both theoretical concepts and practical applications, preparing them for further studies in Chemistry.