ICSE Class 12 Syllabus for Computer Science

The ISC (Indian School Certificate) Class 12 Computer Science syllabus covers various aspects of computer science, including programming, data handling, and basic concepts of computer systems. Here’s a detailed overview:

ISC Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus

**1. Programming in Python

1. Python Fundamentals:

   • Basics: Variables, data types, operators, and expressions.
   • Control Structures: Conditional statements (if, elif, else) and loops (for, while).
   • Functions: Definition, arguments, return values, and scope.
   • Modules: Importing and using standard modules and creating user-defined modules.

2. Data Structures:

   • Lists: Operations on lists (indexing, slicing, appending, inserting, deleting).
   • Tuples: Properties and operations on tuples.
   • Dictionaries: Creating, accessing, and manipulating dictionaries.
   • Sets: Creation and operations on sets.

3. File Handling:

   • Text Files: Reading from and writing to text files.
   • File Operations: Opening, closing, reading, writing, and appending to files.

4. Exception Handling:

   • Errors and Exceptions: Types of errors and exceptions.
   • Handling Exceptions: Using try, except, finally blocks.
   • Raising Exceptions: Custom exceptions and their usage.

5. Object-Oriented Programming:

   • Classes and Objects: Definition, attributes, methods, and creating objects.
   • Inheritance: Single and multiple inheritance, method overriding.
   • Polymorphism: Method overloading and method overriding.
   • Encapsulation: Access specifiers and data hiding.

6. Algorithms:

   • Sorting Algorithms: Bubble sort, insertion sort, and selection sort.
   • Searching Algorithms: Linear search and binary search.
   • Basic Algorithm Design: Pseudocode and flowcharts.

**2. Data Management

1. Database Concepts:

   • Database Systems: Definition, features, and types of databases (DBMS, RDBMS).
   • Database Management System (DBMS): Functions and advantages.
   • Relational Database: Tables, rows, columns, primary keys, and foreign keys.

2. SQL (Structured Query Language):

   • Basic SQL Commands: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE.
   • Data Definition Language (DDL): CREATE, ALTER, DROP commands.
   • Data Manipulation Language (DML): INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE commands.
   • Data Query Language (DQL): SELECT queries, including filtering (WHERE), sorting (ORDER BY), and grouping (GROUP BY).

3. Database Design:

   • Normalization: Concepts of normalization, normalization forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF).
   • ER Diagrams: Entity-relationship diagrams, attributes, relationships, and cardinality.

4. Data Handling in Python:

   • Database Connectivity: Using Python libraries (e.g., SQLite) to connect to and manipulate databases.
   • Executing SQL Queries: Using Python to execute SQL commands and fetch results.

**3. Societal Impacts and Emerging Trends

1. Information and Communication Technology (ICT):

   • ICT in Daily Life: Applications of ICT in various fields (education, healthcare, business).
   • Digital Literacy: Importance of digital literacy and its impact on society.

2. Cyber Security:

   • Basic Concepts: Types of threats (viruses, malware, phishing), and preventive measures.
   • Data Privacy: Importance of data privacy and measures to protect personal information.

3. Ethics in Computing:

   • Ethical Issues: Copyright, intellectual property rights, and ethical use of technology.
   • Legal Aspects: Understanding legal issues related to computing and technology.

4. Emerging Technologies:

   • Artificial Intelligence: Basic concepts and applications of AI.
   • Big Data: Definition, characteristics, and importance of big data.
   • Cloud Computing: Basics of cloud computing and its benefits.

Assessment:

• Written Examination:

  • Theory Paper: Questions on programming concepts, data management, and societal impacts.
  • Practical Paper: Coding and debugging exercises, database queries, and problem-solving.

• Internal Assessment:

  • Project Work: Development of a software application or database project, including design, implementation, and documentation.
  • Class Assignments: Programming tasks, database queries, and presentations on emerging technologies.

The ISC Class 12 Computer Science syllabus aims to provide students with a solid foundation in programming, data management, and the societal impacts of computing. It emphasizes both theoretical understanding and practical skills, preparing students for further studies and careers in computer science and related fields.