ICSE Class 12 Syllabus for History

The ISC (Indian School Certificate) Class 12 History syllabus covers a range of historical periods and themes, focusing on significant events, movements, and personalities that have shaped history. Here’s a detailed overview:

ISC Class 12 History Syllabus

**1. Modern World History (20th Century)

1. World War I (1914-1918)

   • Causes: Political, economic, and social factors.
   • Major events: Key battles, treaties, and the impact on various countries.
   • Consequences: Political changes, economic repercussions, and social impact.

2. The Russian Revolution (1917)

   • Causes: Socio-economic and political factors leading to the revolution.
   • Major events: The February and October revolutions, the rise of Bolsheviks.
   • Outcomes: Establishment of the Soviet Union, changes in society and governance.

3. The Rise of Dictatorships (1920s-1930s)

   • Fascism in Italy: Rise of Mussolini, policies, and impact.
   • Nazism in Germany: Rise of Hitler, the Nazi regime, and policies.
   • Militarism in Japan: Expansionist policies and the impact on Asia.

4. World War II (1939-1945)

   • Causes: Expansionist policies, political alliances, and global tensions.
   • Major events: Key battles, the Holocaust, and major conferences.
   • Consequences: Redrawing of national boundaries, establishment of the United Nations, and the Cold War.

5. The Cold War Era (1945-1991)

   • Origins and Development: Ideological differences, key events (e.g., Korean War, Cuban Missile Crisis).
   • Major Treaties and Agreements: Nuclear arms control, détente, and the end of the Cold War.
   • Impact: Global political, social, and economic effects.

**2. Indian History (19th and 20th Centuries)

1. British Expansion and Impact on Indian Society (1757-1857)

   • Expansion of British Power: Key events leading to the consolidation of British rule in India.
   • Economic Policies: Impact on agriculture, industry, and trade.
   • Social Changes: Education, social reforms, and changes in social structure.

2. The Indian Freedom Struggle (1857-1947)

   • First War of Independence (1857): Causes, major events, and consequences.
   • Reform Movements: Role of leaders like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Swami Vivekananda, and their contributions.
   • Nationalist Movements: Formation of the Indian National Congress, major leaders (e.g., Gandhi, Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose), and significant movements (e.g., Non-Cooperation Movement, Quit India Movement).

3. Post-Independence India (1947-1964)

   • Integration of States: Integration of princely states, challenges, and solutions.
   • Constitutional Developments: Formation and adoption of the Indian Constitution.
   • Major Policies and Reforms: Economic policies, foreign relations, and social reforms.

**3. Contemporary World Issues

1. Globalization and Its Impact

   • Economic: Trade, finance, and economic integration.
   • Cultural: Exchange of ideas, cultural impact, and challenges.
   • Political: International organizations, global governance, and conflicts.

2. Regional Conflicts and Cooperation

   • Middle East: Major conflicts and peace processes.
   • South Asia: Regional cooperation, conflicts, and treaties.

3. Environmental Issues

   • Global Challenges: Climate change, resource depletion, and environmental policies.
   • International Agreements: Key treaties and global initiatives for environmental protection.

Assessment:

• Written Examination:

  • Essay-type questions on historical events, movements, and their impact.
  • Source-based questions, including analysis of historical documents and interpretations.

• Internal Assessment:

  • Projects, assignments, and presentations on various historical themes and topics.
  • Participation in discussions and analysis of historical sources.

The ISC Class 12 History syllabus is designed to provide students with a thorough understanding of significant historical events, movements, and developments. It aims to develop critical thinking and analytical skills through the study of historical sources, narratives, and interpretations.