CBSE Class 8 Syllabus for Science

The CBSE Class 8 Science syllabus is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of basic scientific principles and concepts. Here’s a detailed breakdown:

1. Crop Production and Management

  • Types of crops (food crops, cash crops)
  • Agricultural practices (tilling, sowing, irrigation, manuring, harvesting, threshing, winnowing)
  • Soil (types, properties, conservation)
  • Organic farming and pest control

2. Microorganisms: Friend and Foe

  • Types of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae)
  • Role of microorganisms in various processes (decomposition, nitrogen fixation, fermentation)
  • Diseases caused by microorganisms and their prevention
  • Applications of microorganisms in industries (e.g., antibiotic production, fermentation)

3. Synthetic Fibres and Plastics

  • Types of fibres (natural and synthetic)
  • Properties and uses of synthetic fibres (nylon, polyester, acrylic)
  • Plastic (types, properties, advantages, and disadvantages)
  • Plastic pollution and its impact on the environment

4. Materials: Metals and Non-Metals

  • Properties of metals and non-metals (physical and chemical properties)
  • Differences between metals and non-metals
  • Reactions of metals and non-metals with acids and bases
  • Uses of metals and non-metals

5. Combustion and Flame

  • Combustion (types: rapid, slow, spontaneous, and explosion)
  • Conditions for combustion
  • Flame (types: luminous and non-luminous)
  • Structure of a flame and its parts
  • Fuel efficiency and fire safety

6. Conservation of Plants and Animals

  • Biodiversity and its importance
  • Threats to biodiversity (deforestation, habitat destruction, pollution)
  • Conservation efforts (protected areas, wildlife sanctuaries, national parks)
  • Endangered species and their conservation

7. Cell Structure and Functions

  • Cell (basic unit of life)
  • Types of cells (plant cells and animal cells)
  • Cell organelles (nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, etc.)
  • Functions of different cell organelles

8. Reproduction in Animals

  • Modes of reproduction (asexual and sexual)
  • Reproductive systems in animals (types: external and internal fertilization)
  • Development of embryos and young ones in animals

9. Reaching the Age of Adolescence

  • Adolescence (physical, emotional, and psychological changes)
  • Puberty (secondary sexual characteristics)
  • Menstruation and hygiene
  • Health and nutritional needs during adolescence

10. Force and Pressure

  • Concept of force (types: contact and non-contact)
  • Effects of force (change in motion, shape)
  • Pressure (concept, calculation, applications in daily life)
  • Atmospheric pressure and its effects

11. Friction

  • Concept of friction
  • Types of friction (static, sliding, rolling, fluid)
  • Factors affecting friction
  • Applications and reduction of friction

12. Sound

  • Production and propagation of sound
  • Characteristics of sound (pitch, loudness, quality)
  • Speed of sound in different media
  • Application and control of sound

13. Chemical Effects of Electric Current

  • Electric current (concept and units)
  • Chemical effects of current (electrolysis)
  • Applications (electroplating, refining of metals)

14. Some Natural Phenomena

  • Earthquakes (causes, effects, safety measures)
  • Volcanic eruptions (causes, effects, types)
  • Lightning and thunder (causes, effects, safety measures)

15. Light

  • Nature of light
  • Reflection (laws, mirrors, and their types)
  • Refraction (lenses, and their types)
  • Dispersion and rainbows

16. Stars and the Solar System

  • Stars (types, constellations)
  • Planets and their characteristics
  • The solar system (Sun, planets, moons, asteroids, comets)
  • Space exploration

17. Pollution of Air and Water

  • Air pollution (causes, effects, and control measures)
  • Water pollution (causes, effects, and control measures)
  • Conservation of natural resources and sustainable practices

This syllabus aims to provide students with a strong understanding of fundamental scientific principles and their applications in everyday life.

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