ICSE Class 12 Syllabus for Sociology

The ISC (Indian School Certificate) Class 12 Sociology syllabus provides students with a comprehensive understanding of sociological concepts, theories, and research methods. It explores various aspects of society, including social institutions, processes, and issues. Here’s a detailed overview:

ISC Class 12 Sociology Syllabus

**1. Indian Society

1. Social Structure:

   • Concept of Social Structure: Definition, components, and significance.
   • Social Stratification: Meaning, types (caste, class, and status), and theories of stratification.

2. Social Institutions:

   • Family: Types, functions, and changes in family structure.
   • Marriage: Types of marriages, changes in marriage patterns, and societal implications.
   • Education: Role and functions of education, educational inequality, and reforms.
   • Religion: Functions of religion, types of religious organizations, and secularism.

3. Social Change and Development:

   • Concepts of Social Change: Factors of social change, modernization, and industrialization.
   • Developmental Issues: Poverty, inequality, and development policies in India.
   • Social Movements: Historical and contemporary social movements, their impact on society.

4. Social Problems:

   • Social Issues: Poverty, unemployment, crime, and violence.
   • Discrimination and Exclusion: Caste-based discrimination, gender inequality, and minority rights.

**2. Social Research Methods

1. Research Methodology:

   • Introduction to Research: Definition, significance, and types of research (qualitative and quantitative).
   • Research Methods: Surveys, interviews, observations, and case studies.
   • Sampling Techniques: Types of sampling (random, stratified, and systematic).

2. Data Collection and Analysis:

   • Data Collection: Methods and tools for collecting primary and secondary data.
   • Data Analysis: Techniques for analyzing and interpreting data, including statistical methods.

3. Ethical Considerations:

   • Ethics in Research: Ethical issues in sociological research, including consent, confidentiality, and objectivity.

4. Report Writing:

   • Research Report: Structure and components of a research report, including introduction, methodology, findings, and conclusion.

**3. Social Processes and Dynamics

1. Socialization:

   • Concept of Socialization: Definition, agents, and processes of socialization.
   • Theories of Socialization: Contributions of key sociologists (e.g., Cooley, Mead, and Freud).

2. Social Interaction:

   • Concepts of Social Interaction: Types (face-to-face, indirect), and processes (cooperation, competition, conflict).
   • Role and Status: Definition, types, and significance in social interaction.

3. Group Dynamics:

   • Types of Groups: Primary and secondary groups, formal and informal groups.
   • Group Behavior: Group formation, cohesion, and leadership.

4. Social Change and Social Movements:

   • Theories of Social Change: Evolutionary, cyclical, and conflict theories.
   • Types of Social Movements: Reform, revolutionary, and resistance movements.

**4. Contemporary Issues

1. Globalization:

   • Concept of Globalization: Definition, impact on societies, and cultural exchange.
   • Globalization and India: Effects on Indian society, economy, and culture.

2. Urbanization:

   • Concept of Urbanization: Trends, causes, and effects on social structure and environment.
   • Urban Problems: Issues related to urbanization, including housing, transportation, and pollution.

3. Population and Demography:

   • Population Growth: Trends, theories, and implications.
   • Demographic Transition: Stages and impact on society and economy.

4. Environment and Society:

   • Environmental Issues: Pollution, climate change, and sustainability.
   • Societal Responses: Government policies, community initiatives, and global efforts.

Assessment:

• Written Examination:

  • Theory Paper: Questions on sociological concepts, theories, and contemporary issues.
  • Case Studies: Analysis and application of sociological concepts to real-world scenarios.

• Internal Assessment:

  • Project Work: Research on a sociological topic, including data collection, analysis, and presentation.
  • Class Assignments: Essays, presentations, and discussions on sociological issues and research methods.

The ISC Class 12 Sociology syllabus aims to provide students with a deep understanding of social structures, processes, and issues. It emphasizes both theoretical knowledge and practical application, preparing students for further studies and careers in sociology, social work, and related fields.