ICSE Class 11 Syllabus for Biology

ICSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus Latest 2025-2026

The ICSE Class 11 Biology syllabus provides a comprehensive foundation in biological sciences, covering various aspects of plant and animal biology, as well as fundamental principles. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the syllabus:

1. Diversity in the Living World

  • Biological Classification: Five kingdoms of life, characteristics, and classification of organisms into Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
  • Plant Kingdom: Major groups of plants (Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms), their characteristics, and examples.
  • Animal Kingdom: Major groups of animals (Porifera, Coelenterata, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Chordata), their characteristics, and examples.
  • Plant and Animal Cell Structure: Detailed study of cell organelles and their functions.

2. Structural Organization in Animals and Plants

  • Animal Tissues: Types of tissues (epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous) and their functions.
  • Plant Tissues: Types of tissues (meristematic and permanent), their structure, and functions.
  • Organ Systems in Animals: Digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory, and reproductive systems in human beings.
  • Plant Organs: Structure and functions of roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds.

3. Cell Structure and Function

  • Cell Theory: Overview of the cell theory and its development.
  • Cell Organelles: Detailed study of organelles (nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, ribosomes, chloroplasts, etc.), their structure, and functions.
  • Cell Division: Mitosis and meiosis, stages, and significance of each type of cell division.

4. Plant Physiology

  • Photosynthesis: Process, types, and factors affecting photosynthesis; structure and function of chloroplasts.
  • Respiration: Types (aerobic and anaerobic), stages, and significance of cellular respiration.
  • Plant Nutrition: Essential nutrients, deficiency symptoms, and processes of nutrient uptake.
  • Plant Growth and Development: Growth phases, tropisms, hormones (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, ethylene), and their roles.

5. Human Physiology

  • Digestion and Absorption: Digestive system structure, process of digestion, and absorption of nutrients.
  • Respiration: Mechanism of breathing, gas exchange, and cellular respiration.
  • Circulation: Structure of the heart, blood vessels, blood composition, and the circulatory system.
  • Excretion: Excretory organs, process of excretion, and maintenance of water balance.
  • Reproduction: Human reproductive system, reproductive health, and development stages from fertilization to birth.

6. Reproduction in Organisms

  • Asexual Reproduction: Types (binary fission, budding, fragmentation, spore formation) and examples.
  • Sexual Reproduction: Gametogenesis, fertilization, and development of the zygote.

7. Genetics and Evolution

  • Mendelian Genetics: Laws of inheritance, monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, and genetic disorders.
  • Molecular Genetics: DNA structure and replication, RNA types, and protein synthesis.
  • Evolution: Theories of evolution (Lamarckism, Darwinism), evidence of evolution, and mechanisms of evolutionary change.

8. Ecology and Environment

  • Ecosystems: Structure, components, and energy flow in ecosystems.
  • Biomes: Major biomes of the world and their characteristics.
  • Population and Community Ecology: Population dynamics, community interactions (predation, competition, symbiosis).
  • Environmental Issues: Pollution, conservation, and sustainable development.

Practical Work

  • Laboratory Techniques: Microscopy, preparation of slides, and staining techniques.
  • Experiments: Basic experiments related to topics such as photosynthesis, respiration, cell division, and genetics.
  • Field Work: Observations and experiments related to plant and animal biology in natural settings.

Notes

  • Textbooks and Reference Materials: Use prescribed textbooks and reference materials to follow the ICSE guidelines.
  • Updates: Always check with your school for the most current syllabus and any additional topics or changes.

This syllabus is designed to provide students with a thorough understanding of biological concepts and prepare them for further studies in biology and related fields.

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