chapter-Election and Representation
Important MCQ-Based Questions on Political science class 11 chapter-Election and Representation
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Important Questions for Political science class 11 chapter-Election and Representation set-1
Political Science - MCQ on Election and Representation
Class XI
Q.1. The outcomes of elections depend on the rules adopted and their conduct under
(a) b government.
(b) vigilant political parties.
(c) recognized constitution.
(d) impartial machinery.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- The outcomes of elections depend on the rules adopted and their conduct under impartial machinery. When a country adopted any set of rule rules to follow then a neutral authority is always required to supervise its conduct.
Q.2. For common citizens democracy is equivalent to
(a) leaders.
(b) general elections.
(c) national struggle.
(d) freedom.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- For common citizens democracy is equivalent to general elections and political parties. Whenever we ask people about democracy, then people’s mind invariably turns to the last elections.
Q.3. direct democracy deals with the direct participation of
(a) leaders.
(b) optical parties.
(c) public.
(d) rulers
Answer:
(c)
Explanation - A direct democracy is one where the citizens directly participate in the day-to-day decision-making and the running of the government. The ancient city-states in Greece were considered examples of direct democracy.
Q.4. In India, the obstacle in applying direct democracy is its
(a) area.
(b) literacy rate.
(c) corrupt leaders.
(d) population.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- direct democracy could not be practised when a decision has to be taken by lakhs and crores of people. That is why rule by the people usually means rule by people’s representatives.
Q.5. In an indirect democracy, the role of people is
(a) pitted.
(b) volunteer.
(c) extraordinary.
(d) inadequate.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation- In indirect democracy citizens choose their representatives who, in turn, are actively involved in governing and administering the country. The method followed to choose these representatives is referred to as an election. Thus, the citizens have a pmitedlimited role in taking major decisions and in running the administration.
Q.6. free and fair elections are considered a legitimate expression of the
(a) democracy.
(b) voters.
(c) equality.
(d) freedom.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- If we want democracy to be translated into reality on the ground, the election system must be impartial and transparent. This system of election must allow the aspirations of the voters to find legitimate expression through the electoral results.
Q.7. In India, a person’s vote is considered
(a) valuable if it is of an educated class.
(b) one man two denominations.
(c) special privilege to the backward class.
(d) one man one value.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- In our country while makers of the constitution guarantee the right to vote for each citizen according to the universal adult franchise. Further, they declare the vote of all persons as equal according to the principle of one-man one value.
Q.8. In the electoral system of First Past the Post, to win a candidate should get votes that are
(a) two third.
(b) half.
(c) the highest.
(d) one third.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation- In First Past the Post electoral system, whoever has more votes than all other candidates, is declared elected. The winning candidate need not secure a majority of the votes.
Q.9. The electoral system, First past the post is also known as
(a) proportional representation.
(b) direct election.
(c) separate electorate.
(d) plurality system.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- In the electoral race, the candidate who is ahead of others, who crosses the winning post, first of all, is the winner. This method is also called the Plurapty System. This is the method of election prescribed by the Indian Constitution.
Q.10. In Israel the elections are based on the system of
(a) direct election.
(b) proportional representation.
(c) first past the post.
(d) seat allocation.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- Israel follows proportional representation system of election. According to it, each party is allotted the share of seats in the parliament in proportion to its share of votes. Each party fills its quota of seats by picking as many of its nominees from a preference pst as it declared before the elections.
Q.11. The arrangement of seat allocation according to to vote share is known as
(a) direct election.
(b) proportional representation.
(c) first past the post.
(d) seat allocation.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- This system of elections is called the Proportional Representation (PR) system. In this system, a party gets the same proportion of seats as its proportion of votes.
Q.12. The proportional representation system recipes on voters’ choice of
(a) political party.
(b) candidate.
(c) national policy.
(d) local issues.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation- In proportional representation, electoral system voters exercise their preference for a party and not a candidate. The seats in a constituency are distributed based on votes polled by a party. Thus, representatives from a constituency, would and do belong to different parties.
Q.13. The members of Rajya Sabha are elected by the members of
(a) Lok Sabha.
(b) Legislative Assembly.
(c) Council of State.
(d) Legislative Council.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- The members of the Rajya Sabha from each state are elected by the members of the Legislature or the Legislative Assembly using proportional representation through the Single Transferable Vote System.
Q.14. For the elections of Rajya Sabha, the electoral system in use is
(a) first past the post.
(b) direct election.
(c) nominations.
(d) proportional representation.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- The Indian constitution prescribes a third and complex variation of the PR system for the election of the president, Vice-president, and the election to the Rajya Sabha and Vidhan Parishads.
Q.15. FPTP system of election provides voters with the choice of a specific political party and
(a) manifestos.
(b) MPs.
(c) candidates.
(d) popsies.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation- The FPTP system offers voters, a choice of specific party and specific candidates. Depending on the nature of actual optics, voters may either give greater importance to the party or the candidate or balance the two.
Q.16. The PR electoral system generally produces a government with many
(a) political parties.
(b) agendas.
(c) ministers.
(d) weaknesses.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation- The PR system may not produce a clear majority because seats in the legislature would be divided based on the share of votes. This often leads to a multi-party coalition government.
Q.17. The makers of the Indian constitution were wary of a proportional representation system to preserve
(a) national parties.
(b) stable government.
(c) national unity.
(d) reservation.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation- In a diverse country like India, a PR system would encourage each community to form its nation-wide party and this would lead to community-based property. When religion or caste gets involved in politics then it is a threat to national unity. Probably our constitution makers decided on FPTP electoral system because of this fear.
Q.18. The FPTP system of election is good for all
(a) political parties.
(b) candidates.
(c) constituencies.
(d) citizens.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- The FPTP system has proved to be simple and familiar to ordinary voters. In other electoral systems, especially PR systems, voters are often asked to choose a party and the representatives are elected based on party posts. But in FPTP, voters may either give greater importance to the party or the candidate or balance the two.
Q.19. Sometimes due to the FPTP system in elections, the small social groups remain in
(a) majority.
(b) power.
(c) disadvantage.
(d) problem.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation- This often works to the disadvantage of the smaller social groups. We have had a history of caste-based discrimination. In such a social system, the FPTP electoral system can mean that the dominant social groups and castes can win everywhere and the oppressed social groups may continue to remain unrepresented.
Q.20. Mark out the country that follows FPTP electoral system
(a) Israel.
(b) the UK.
(c) the Netherlands.
(d) Argentina.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- The most common electoral system, used in Canada, India, the UK, and the United States, is first past the post or winner-takes-all.
Q.21. The FPTP electoral system is based on the principle of
(a) one person multi votes.
(b) single transferable vote.
(c) nomination of candidates.
(d) one person one vote.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- The FPTP system rely on the preservation of the "one person, one vote" principle. In it, each voter is only able to cast one vote in a given election, where that vote can only go to one candidate. FPTP system elects the candidate who is preferred first by the largest number of voters.
Q.22. The British government had introduced the ‘separate electorates’ for the people of particular
() classes.
(b) professions.
(c) communities.
(d) states.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation- Before independence the British government had introduced ‘separate electorates. This system meant electing a representative from a particular community, by the voters who belong to that community.
Q.23. To give proper representation to weaker sections of the society, the constitution makers had opted for
(a) reservations.
(b) separate electorates.
(c) nominations.
(d) proportional representation.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation- The makers of Indian constitution adopt the system of reserved constituencies. In this system, all voters in a constituency are eligible to vote but the candidates must belong to only a particular community or social section for which the seat is reserved.
Q.24. The reservations for legislative seats get extended through the
(a) laws.
(b) ordinances.
(c) government policies.
(d) constitutional amendments.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- The Constitution provides for the reservation of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assembles for the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. This provision was made initially for a period of 10 years and as a result of successive constitutional amendments has been extended up to 2010.
Q.25. Today, the number of reserved seats for Schedule castes and Schedule tribes in Lok Sabha respectively are
(a) 71 and 49.
(b) 76 and 42.
(c) 79 and 41.
(d) 79 and 40.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation- The number of seats reserved for both of these groups is in proportion to their share of the population of India. Today, of the 543 elected seats in the Lok Sabha, 79 are reserved for Scheduled Castes and 41 are reserved for Scheduled Tribes.
Q.26. The reserved constituency status is decided by the
(a) Parliament.
(b) Delimitation Commission.
(c) Government of India.
(d) Election Commission.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- An independent body called the Delimitation Commission takes the decision on the reservation of the constituency. The Delimitation Commission is appointed by the President of India and works in collaboration with the Election Commission of India.
Q.27. In India, Muslims representation in Lok Sabha generally remains
(a) 4%.
(b) 5%.
(c) 6%.
(d) 7%.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation- The proportion of Muslims in the population of India is about 13.5 per cent. But the number of Muslim MPs in the Lok Sabha has usually been 6 per cent, less than half of their share of the population.
Q.28. At the time of the decision about voting rights, constitution framers took a unique and big decision in favour of
(a) the poor.
(b) minorities.
(c) scheduled classes.
(d) women.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- In many countries, women could get the right to vote very late and only after a struggle. One of the important decisions of the framers of the Indian constitution was to guarantee every adult citizen in India, the right to vote.
Q.29. The framers of the constitution adopted the Universal adult franchise because they believe in the abilities of all
(a) leaders of political parties.
(b) adult Indians.
(c) educated citizens.
(d) poor and weak people.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- Our constitution makers had a firm belief in the ability and worth of all adult citizens as equals in the matter of deciding what is good for the society, the country and their constituencies because they had seen the role of masses in our national struggle. Therefore, they opted for a Universal adult franchise to allow all citizens for decision-making in the government.
Q.30. The minimum age of voting was 21 years till
(a) 1984.
(b) 1987.
(c) 1989.
(d) 1990.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation- Till 1989, an adult Indian meant an Indian citizen above the age of 21. An amendment to the Constitution in 1989 reduced the epgibipty age to 18.
Important Questions for Political science class 11 chapter-Election and Representation set-2
Q.31. The Indian Constitution provides an independent Election Commission under article
(a) 112.
(b) 144.
(c) 226.
(d) 324.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- Article 324 of the Indian Constitution provides an independent Election Commission for the ‘superintendence, direction and control of the electoral roll and the conduct of elections’ in India.
Q.32. The Election Commission of India is assisted by an Electoral Officer in every
(a) district.
(b) state.
(c) territory.
(d) commissionaire
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- To assist the Election Commission of India, there is a Chief Electoral Officer in every state. The Election Commission is not responsible for the conduct of local body elections.
Q.33. The Election Commission of India got two more Election Commissioners in
(a) 1987.
(b) 1989.
(c) 1990.
(d) 1993.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- Till 1989, the Election Commission was a single member. Just before the 1989 general elections, two Election Commissioners were appointed, making the body multi-member. Soon after the elections, the Commission reverted to its single-member status. In 1993, two Election Commissioners were once again appointed.
Q.34. The Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners have equal powers to act
(a) powerfully.
(b) separately.
(c) cautiously.
(d) collectively.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- The Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) presides over the Election Commission, but does not have more powers than the other Election Commissioners. The CEC and the two Election Commissioners have equal powers to take all decisions relating to elections as a collective body.
Q.35. The Election Commissioners are appointed on the advice of the
(a) President.
(b) Prime Minister.
(c) Council of Ministers.
(d) Chief Justice.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation- They are appointed by the president of India on the advice of the council of ministers.
Q.36. The terms of the CEC and Election Commissioners are secured by the
(a) Constitution.
(b) Parliament.
(c) Government.
(d) Supreme Court.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation- The constitution ensures the security of the tenure of the CEC and Election Commissioners. They are appointed for a six-year term or continue till the age of 65 whichever is earlier.
Q.37. The Election Commissioner can be impeached from his post only after the recommendation of the
(a) Parliament.
(b) Prime Minister.
(c) Council of Ministers.
(d) Supreme Court.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation- The president can remove the CEC if both houses of the Parliament make such a recommendation with a special majority.
Q.38. To ensure free and fair elections, the Election Commission has the power to take any decision
(a) directed by the government.
(b) as per the president’s choice.
(c) independently.
(d) with the view of the Supreme Court.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation - During the entire election process, the Election Commission has the power to take decisions to ensure a free and fair poll. Pike the Commission also implements a model code of conduct for parties and candidates. It can order a re-poll in a specific constituency. It can also order a recount of votes when it feels that the counting process has not been fully fair and just.
Q.39. The Election Commission conducts elections with the help of
(a) Commission’s staff.
(b) administrative machinery.
(c) optical parties.
(d) volunteers.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- The Election Commission has a very limited staff of its own. It conducts the elections with the help of administrative machinery. Though, once the election process has begun, the commission has power over the administration as far as election-related work is concerned.
Q.40. During the elections phase, the Election Commission get administrative staff from the
(a) routine work.
(b) common man.
(c) money influence.
(d) partisanship.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation - During the election process, the administrative officers of the state and central governments are assigned election-related duties and in this respect, the Election Commission has full control over them. The EC can transfer the officers, or stop their transfers; it can take action against them for failing to act in a non-partisan manner.
Q.41. In India, the symbols of Political Parties are decided by the
(a) Election Commission.
(b) Political Party Governing Committees.
(c) Election Committee of Political Party.
(d) Poetical Party leader.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation- According to article 324 of the Indian constitution, it is the Election Commission that decides about the allocation of symbols and recognition to the political parties.
Q.42. In 2002, the Election Commission had postponed Assembly elections in Gujarat due to
(a) president rule.
(b) Lok Sabha elections.
(c) absence of resources.
(d) communal violence.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- After the dissolution of the Gujarat Assembly in 2002, the Election Commission found that unprecedented violence in that state had made it impossible to hold free and fair elections immediately. The Election Commission decided to postpone elections to the State Assembly by a few months. The Supreme Court upheld this decision of the Election Commission.
Q.43. The President of India appoints a Regional Election Commissioner on the advice of
(a) Prime Minister.
(b) Chief Justice of High Court.
(c) Governor.
(d) Chief Election Commissioner.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation- The process of appointing the Regional Election Commissioner is pkemake the appointment of the High Court judges. The president on the advice of The chief Justice of India appoints High Court judges, in the same way, Regional Election Commissioners are appointed on the advice of the Chief Election Commissioner
Q.44. The successful system of election in India has proved to be
(a) accommodative and inclusive.
(b) rigid.
(c) exclusive and sophisticated.
(d) easy-going and negligible.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation- The system of election has proved to be accommodative and inclusive. The social composition of our representatives has changed gradually. Now our representatives come from many different social sections, though the number of women legislators has not increased satisfactorily.
Q.45. Due to its active work and effective use of powers pke the judiciary, the Election Commission of India has emerged as
(a) constitutional body.
(b) inconsistent organization.
(c) Guardian of the constitution.
(d) independent authority.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation- The Election Commission of India has emerged as an independent authority, which has asserted its powers to ensure fairness in the election process. It has acted in an impartial and unbiased manner to protect the sanctity of the electoral process.
Q.46. To control the role of money in elections, there is a requirement of
(a) public donations.
(b) stringent laws.
(c) punishments.
(d) volunteer steps.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- There should be stringent laws to control the role of money in electoral politics. The government out of a special fund should pay the elections expenses.
Q.47. The universal adult franchise prescribed in Indian Constitution is consistent with the principle of
(a) democracy.
(b) equality.
(c) fraternity.
(d) freedom.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation- Adult franchise ensures that all the citizens are able tocan participate in the process of selecting their representative. This is consistent with the principle of equality and non-discrimination.
Political Science - MCQ on Election and Representation
Important Questions for Political science class 11 chapter-Election and Representation set-3
Q.1. The major role of political parties in India is to
a. defend the Indian public from corrupt public officials.
b. assure that free and honest elections are held.
c. nominate candidates for public office and conduct campaigns.
d. meet constitutional requirements for choosing the President.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation: - Political parties serve as a device for selecting and promoting candidates for public office. Modern political parties have developed over time and all laws and rules regulating their actions have grown from the “unwritten” Constitution.
Q.2. The country Greece is considered an example of
a. direct democracy.
b. indirect democracy.
c. dictatorship.
d. military dictatorship.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation: - A direct democracy is one where the citizens directly participate in the day-to-day decision-making and in the running of the government.
Q.3. Constitution Amendment Bills have to be passed in
a. Rajya Sabha
b. Lok Sabha.
c. Both Houses of Parliament.
d. Prime Minister’s Office.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation: - Under article 368, the Constitution Amendment Bill can be introduced in either House of Parliament and has to be passed by each House through a special majority.
Q.4. Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated during the campaign of
a. 1991 elections.
b. 1980 elections.
c. 1984 elections.
d. 1977 elections.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation: - Rajiv Gandhi got assassinated while campaigning for the Lok Sabha Congress candidate Mrs Maragatham Chandrasekhar in Sriperumbudur (a town approximately 30 miles from Chennai).
Q.5. The Election Commission enjoys
a. statutory basis.
b. neither constitutional nor statutory basis
c. constitutional basis.
d. a legal basis only because it has been created by the ParpamentParliament.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation: - It is an autonomous; quasi-judiciary constitutional body of India. It was estabpshed on 25th January 1950 under Article 324 of the Constitution of India.
Q.6. The Electoral system of India is largely based on the pattern of
a. France.
b. the USA.
c. Denmark.
d. Britain.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation: - The constitution did not provide any details about the electoral system and left it to the Parpament to determine.
Q.7. Congress lost its monopoly of power in the state for the first time in the elections held in
a. 1962.
b. 1967.
c. 1971.
d. 1977.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation: - The fourth general elections to the Lok Sabha and the State Assembles in 1967 caused a political earthquake in the country. It replaced the congress party with the caption of other parties.
Q.8. In India, the citizens have been given the right to vote based on
a. education qualifications.
b. property holders.
c. duration of stay in the country.
d. age.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation: - The concept of universal suffrage referred to all the citizens having the right to vote, regardless of property requirements or other measures of wealth.
Q.9. The special officer that looks into the working of the safeguards for the Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes is known as
a. Commissioner for Scheduled Caste and Tribes.
b. Commissioner for Welfare of Backward classes.
c. Commissioner for Social Welfare.
d. Commissioner for Social Welfare and Family Planning.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation: - The Commissioner for Scheduled Caste and Tribes is charged with investigating the implementation of measures intended to safeguard the interest of Scheduled Tribe and Scheduled caste.
Q.10. The concept of “creamy layer” propounded by the Supreme Court with regards to reservations
a. non-resident Indians.
b. defence service personnel.
c. other backward classes.
d. economically better-off people.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation: - The concept of "creamy layer" propounded in the context of pubpc employment in Indra Sawhney's case.
Q.11. The head of the government of Jammu and Kashmir is known as
a. Premier.
b. Chief Minister.
c. Prime Minister.
d. Sardar-e-Riyasat.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation:- In the year 1965, the denominations ‘Prime Minister’ and ‘Sadr e Riyasat’ are changed to ‘Chief Minister’ and ‘Governor’ respectively through an amendment of the J& K constitution with effect from May 30 1965.
Q.12. The Indian Constitution provides for the appointment of Ad Hoc judges in the
a. Session Court.
b. Lok Adalats
c. High Court.
d. Supreme Court.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation: - Article 127 of the constitution deals with the appointment of ad hoc, Judges. It states that “if at any time there should not be a quorum of the Judges of the Supreme Court available to hold or continue any session of the Court, the Chief Justice of India may appoint the ad hoc judge”.
Q.13. Democratic constitutionalism includes
a. pmitedlimited government power.
b. unlimited government power.
c. unrestrained rights are given to individuals.
d. the monopoly of the government in all spheres of life.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation: - Democratic constitutionalism is based upon individual freedom, community rights and pmitedlimited government power. It creates the framework for governing a democracy.
Q.14. The total number of constituencies that India has is
a. 615.
b. 543.
c. 447.
d. 250.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation: - India has 543 Parpamentary Constituencies, each of which returns one MP to the Lok Sabha.
Q.15. The size and shape of the parliamentary constituencies are determined by the
a. President.
b. Prime Minister with the Cabinet ministers.
c. Returning Officers.
d. Delimitation Commission.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation: - Depmitation pterallyliterally means the act or process of fixing permits or boundaries of territorial constituencies in a country or a province having a legislative body. Hence, it is the Delimitation Commission that determines the size and shape of the parpamentaryparliamentary constituencies.
Q.16. To be a member of Vidhan Parishad, the Indian citizen has to attain the age of
a. 18 years.
b. 25 years.
c. 30 years.
d. 21 years.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation: - Any Indian citizen over 30 years can contest the elections for both Rajya Sabha & Vidhan Parishad.
Q.17. The election Commission was established on
a. 15th August 1949.
b. 25th January 1950.
c. 24th October 1951.
d. 28th November 1952.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation: - Election Commission of India is a permanent constitutional body. The Election Commission was established by the Constitution on 25th January 1950.
Q.18. The word Bahujan in the “Bahujan Samaj Party” means
a. people in the majority.
b. low-class people.
c. poor farmers.
d. landless labourers.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation: - BSP was formed to chiefly represent Bahujans, paternally meaning "People in the majority", i.e., OBC, Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989. The party claims to be inspired by the philosophy of B. R. Ambedkar.
Q.19. The authority that allows the party symbols is
a. President.
b. Leader of the political party.
c. Party President.
d. Election Commission.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation: - The Election Commission accords recognition to poptical parties and allots symbols to each of them.
Q.20. The former President that had the unique distinction of getting two consecutive terms in office was
a. Dr Rajendra Prasad.
b. Dr Fakhruddin Ap Ahmed.
c. Dr Zakir Hussain.
d. Giani Zail Singh.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation: - After India became an independent republic in 1950, Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the first President of India. In 1962, after serving twelve years as the President, he announced his decision to retire.
Q.21. The smallest Lok Sabha constituency by several voters is
a. Goa.
b. Daman and Diu.
c. Lakshadweep
d. Sikkim.
Answer:
(c)
Explanation: - The Lok Sabha constituency of Lakshadweep (India) spans the entire area of the Union Territory of Lakshadweep. This constituency is reserved for Scheduled Tribes.
Q.22. 18 years as the age of voting was introduced when
a. V.P Singh was the Prime Minister.
b. Rajiv Gandhi was the Prime Minister.
c. Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister.
d. I.K.Gujral was the Prime Minister.
Answer:
(b)
Explanation: - The Congress government led by Rajiv Gandhi lowered the voting age from 21 to 18. This has increased the number of voters toin the electorate.
Q.23. The spot in Congress took place in
a. 1990.
b. 1984.
c. 1975.
d. 1969.
Answer:
(d)
Explanation:-The defeat of the official Congress candidate formated the spptspot in the party. In 1969, Congress spptspit up into two parties. The veteran members of Congress established the Congress (O) party, while Indian National Congress was recognised as Congress (R).
Q.24. dual citizenship exists in
a. USA.
b. the U.K.
c. Austria.
d. Nepal.
Answer:
(a)
Explanation: - Dual citizenship or dual nationaptynationality is simply being a citizen of two countries. For example, if you were born in Mexico you are a native-born Mexican. If you move to the United States and become a naturalised US citizen, you now have dual citizenship.