The national tree of India is the Banyan tree (Ficus benghalensis). The Banyan tree holds special significance in Indian culture and is often referred to as the “Kalpavriksha,” which means the “wish-fulfilling tree” in Hindu mythology. It is revered for its longevity and its ability to provide shade and shelter to a wide range of creatures due to its expansive canopy.
The Banyan tree is known for its distinctive growth habit, as it sends down aerial roots from its branches to the ground, which can develop into additional trunks. Over time, a single Banyan tree can spread out and create a vast canopy of interconnected branches and roots. This unique growth pattern symbolizes unity and interconnectedness in Indian culture.
In addition to its cultural significance, the Banyan tree is ecologically important as it provides habitat and shelter for numerous bird species and other wildlife. It also offers shade and a place for people to gather, making it a valuable part of the landscape in many Indian cities and villages.
The choice of the Banyan tree as India’s national tree reflects the country’s rich cultural and natural heritage and the deep connection between its people and the environment.