PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) and PCOD (Polycystic Ovary Disease) are terms that are sometimes used interchangeably, but they refer to different aspects of a common condition. Here are five key differences between PCOS and PCOD:
Terminology:
PCOS: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is the more commonly used and accepted term. It refers to a hormonal disorder that affects people with ovaries, leading to irregular menstrual cycles, elevated androgen levels, and the presence of small cysts on the ovaries.
PCOD: Polycystic Ovary Disease is an older term that has been used historically. While it is still used by some, PCOD is often considered outdated, and PCOS is the preferred and more accurate term.
Scope and Diagnosis:
PCOS: PCOS is a broader term that encompasses a range of symptoms related to hormonal imbalances. It is diagnosed based on a combination of factors, including irregular menstrual cycles, elevated levels of androgens (such as testosterone), and the presence of polycystic ovaries.
PCOD: PCOD is often used to describe the presence of multiple cysts on the ovaries. However, it may not necessarily capture the broader hormonal and metabolic issues associated with PCOS.
Symptoms:
PCOS: The symptoms of PCOS include irregular periods, excess androgen levels leading to acne and hirsutism (excessive hair growth), and polycystic ovaries detected through imaging studies.
PCOD: The term PCOD may be used to specifically highlight the presence of multiple cysts on the ovaries but might not encompass the full spectrum of symptoms associated with PCOS.
Associated Conditions:
PCOS: In addition to reproductive symptoms, PCOS is often associated with metabolic issues, such as insulin resistance, obesity, and an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
PCOD: The term PCOD may not necessarily convey the association with metabolic issues, and its use might be more limited to the ovarian morphology.
Prevalence of Terminology:
PCOS: PCOS is the more widely recognized and used term in medical literature and clinical practice. It has become the standard terminology for describing the hormonal and reproductive condition.
PCOD: While PCOD is still used by some individuals and healthcare professionals, its prevalence has decreased, and PCOS is now the more commonly accepted and understood term.
In summary, PCOS is a more comprehensive and contemporary term used to describe a hormonal disorder with various symptoms, including irregular menstrual cycles and polycystic ovaries. PCOD, while still used by some, may be considered a more limited and outdated term that specifically focuses on the presence of cysts on the ovaries. It’s important to note that the terminology might vary in different medical contexts. If you have concerns about your reproductive health, it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis and guidance.