Reduction in the effective nuclear charge on the electron cloud, due to a difference in the attraction forces of the electrons on the nucleus is referred to as shielding effect. It is also called as the screening effect or atomic shielding.
Final answer:
Reduction in the effective nuclear charge on the electron cloud, due to a difference in the attraction forces of the electrons on the nucleus is referred to as shielding effect. It is also called as the screening effect or atomic shielding.