Properties of a Sound Wave
In the previous segment, we learnt to represent the pressure and density variations of a medium as the sound wave travels through it graphically. Let us learn about the properties of sound with the help of this graph.
Oscillation
We can see that the sound wave is a continuous cycle of high-pressure regions called compressions and low-pressure regions called rarefactions.
When the wave travels from one maximum to another or from one minimum to another it completes one oscillation.
Graphical representation: Oscillations of a Sound Wave
Frequency
The number of oscillations per unit of time is called the frequency of a sound wave. If we count
the number of oscillations passing through a fixed point in one second, then it will give us the frequency of the sound wave.
It is denoted by → 𝝂 and is measured in hertz or Hz.
Wavelength
The distance between the peak value of two consecutive compressions or two consecutive rarefactions is called the wavelength.
It is denoted by → λ. S.I. unit is metres.
Graphical representation: Wavelength of a Sound Wave
Time Period
It is the time taken by the wave to complete one oscillation. It is denoted by → T and its S.I. unit is seconds.