Water has a lot of hydrogen bonding in a very given area than ice and ice has a lot of unit area than water.
In liquid type, water has strong hydrogen bonding between molecules however once water freezes into ice, the hydrogen bonds that form allow the molecules to be spaced further apart by locking them into fixed positions, hence more space. Due to this there are large empty spaces in ice , which leads to decrease the density of ice and makes ice float on the water.
The volume of liquid is more than the volume of solid as the particles of liquids are packed freely and are free to move, thereby more volume. The density of ice is less than that of water. But in the case of ice (solid), the density of water is maximum at 4° C. Therefore; it floats on water.
Final Answer:
Water has a lot of hydrogen bonding in a very given area than ice and ice has a lot of unit area than water. In liquid type, water has strong hydrogen bonding between molecules however once water freezes into ice, the hydrogen bonds that form allow the molecules to be spaced further apart by locking them into fixed positions, hence creating more space.
Due to this there are large empty spaces in ice , which leads to decrease the density of ice and makes ice float on the water.