Dicotyledons
All flowering plants, often known as angiosperms, were previously separated into dicotyledons. The embryo of a dicotyledonous seed has an embryo axis and two cotyledons.
The inflated look of cotyledons is due to the fact that they serve as a reservoir of food for the developing seedling. There are two ends to the embryo axis.
The plumule is the upper end that produces the shoot, while the radicle is the lower end that makes the root. The double-layered seed coat is a protective shell that surrounds the entire substance.
The seed coat is made up of two layers: testa and tegmen. Furthermore, a structure known as the hilum joins the seed to the fruit.
Monocotyledons
The scutellum is the only cotyledon found in monocotyledonous seed embryos.
The scutellum is a shield-shaped structure that lies laterally to one side of the embryo axis. Monocotyledons have a branch tip, plumule, that is enclosed in a sheath called coleoptile, and a root point, radicle, that is enclosed in coleorhiza, just like dicotyledons.
The endosperm of monocot seeds is covered by a proteinous covering known as the aleurone layer.
The bulk of monocotyledonous seeds are endospermic or albuminous, meaning they have thick, swelling endosperms that provide nutrition.
Endosperm is the feeding tissue in seeds that is not completely consumed during embryo development. Some monocotyledons, such as orchids, are exceptions.
Final Answer:
In dicots, there are two cotyledons, which are fleshy and produce nutrients, and expand into leaves during germination, whereas in monocots, only one seed leaf, known as scutellum, is present.