Hybridization is the process of mixing atomic orbitals to create new orbitals with different energies and forms than the originals. When atomic orbitals join to form a new atomic orbital, this is known as hybridization. The new orbital will have the same total number of electrons as the old orbital. The only rationale for hybridization was that all the C-H bonds in molecules like methane are similar.
The goal of hybridization is to see what kinds of bonds the atoms share, whether they are sigma or pi connections. The different types of bonds allow for different qualities, such as pi bonds not allowing rotation but sigma bonds allowing rotation.
In valence bond theory, hybridisation is the process of combining atomic orbitals to create new hybrid orbitals that are generally lower in energy and better suited for pairing electrons to form chemical bonds.
