A: Sclereids

B: Sclerenchyma fibres

C: Secondary phloem

D: Secondary xylem

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Explanation:

  • Tyloses are the balloon-like outgrowth on the parenchyma cells of the xylem vessels, found in the woody tissue (heartwood) of the dicot stems.
  • Tyloses are filled with starch, resin and other substances and block water movement and thus can cause injury because of dehydration.
  • In some trees with large vessels, tyloses can aid in conversion of softwood to heartwood. They also play a role in plant defense mechanisms.
  • Sclerenchyma fibres are elongated cells with thick lignified walls.
  • Sclereids are the reduced form of sclerenchyma cells and are broad.
  • Secondary phloem helps in secondary growth and helps in the transportation of the nutrients. 

Final Answer

Hence, the correct option is D i.e., secondary xylem

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