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A: Sclereids
B: Sclerenchyma fibres
C: Secondary phloem
D: Secondary xylem
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Explanation:
- Tyloses are the balloon-like outgrowth on the parenchyma cells of the xylem vessels, found in the woody tissue (heartwood) of the dicot stems.
- Tyloses are filled with starch, resin and other substances and block water movement and thus can cause injury because of dehydration.
- In some trees with large vessels, tyloses can aid in conversion of softwood to heartwood. They also play a role in plant defense mechanisms.
- Sclerenchyma fibres are elongated cells with thick lignified walls.
- Sclereids are the reduced form of sclerenchyma cells and are broad.
- Secondary phloem helps in secondary growth and helps in the transportation of the nutrients.
Final Answer
Hence, the correct option is D i.e., secondary xylem
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