A: algal bloom

B: Eichhornia crassipes

C: increased biochemical oxygen demand

D: eutrophication.

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Explanation:

  • Eicchornia crassipes is a free-floating perennial hydrophyte.
  • It is commonly known as water hyacinth and is indigenous to tropical and subtropical South America.
  • Eicchornia crassipes is a rapidly growing aquatic plant and is an invasive species.
  • It reproduces by runners and stolons and produces thousands of seeds annually, remaining viable for 28 years.
  • Eicchornia crassipes was proposed in Bengal for its beautiful flowers.
  • But it evolved into an invasive weed depleting oxygen from the water bodies and culminating in many fish deaths.
  • Fish scarcity was caused in Bengal due to the Eicchornia crassipes.
  • As fish is Bengal's supplement food, Eicchornia crassipes has been termed the 'terror of Bengal'.

Final Answer:

Hence, the correct option is B: i.e. Eicchornia crassipes.

 

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