How is the cardiac activity regulated

Answer:

The normal functioning of heart is auto regulated by specialised muscles (nodal tissue), hence the heart is described as myogenic.

- A special neural centre in the medulla oblangata can moderate the cardiac function through autonomic nervous system (ANS).

- Nerve impulses from the sympathetic nerves increase the rate of heart beat, strength of ventricular contraction and thereby increase the cardiac output.

- On the other hand, nerve impulses from parasympathetic decrease the rate of heart beat, speed of conduction of action potential and thereby decreases the cardiac output.

- Hormones of adrenal medulla (adrenaline and non adrenaline) also moderate the heart functioning.