How are the following conversions carried out? (xviii) Benzene to diphenyl

Explanation

In the first step benzene is reacted with chlorine in presence of AlCl₃ , which acts as a catalyst, therefore chlorination happens and chlorobenzene is formed.

In the next step chlorobenzene reacts with sodium in dry ether and as a result diphenyl is formed.

Final Answer:

To convert benzene to diphenyl first carried out FRIEDEL CRAFT HALOGENATION  of benzene and in the next step formed chlorobenzene undergo Fitting Reaction to give diphenyl.