Draw a labeled circuit diagram of a simple electric motor and explain its working.

Principle:When positioned in a magnetic field, a current-carrying conductor experiences a force. The force acting on the conductor will be perpendicular to both if the field and current directions are mutually perpendicular, as determined by Fleming's left-hand rule. The conductor begins to move as a result of this force.

Working:A rectangular coil ABCD of insulated copper wire makes up an electric motor. The coil is positioned between the two poles of a magnetic field, with the arms AB and CD perpendicular to the magnetic field's direction. 

The coil's ends are attached to the split ring's two halves, P and Q. These halves' inner sides are insulated and connected to an axle. P and Q's external conducting edges make contact with two conducting stationary brushes, X and Y.

The operation of an electric motor is dependent on the creation of a magnetic field around a current carrying conductor. Consider the following scenario to gain a better understanding.

Keep the poles of two bar magnets facing each other with a tiny gap between them. Make a loop using a tiny length of conducting wire now. 

Maintain this loop in the space between the magnets so that it remains within the magnets' area of effect. Now for the final section. 

Connect the loop's ends to the battery connections. You'll notice that your loop "moves" once energy passes through your simple circuit. So, what causes this?

The magnetic field formed by the magnets interferes with the electric current running through the wire. Because the loop has turned into a magnet, one side will be drawn to the north pole and the other to the south pole. As a result, the loop continues to rotate. The functioning principle of an electric motor is as follows.

In the following respects, commercial motors differ from simple electric motors:

Electromagnets are utilized in commercial motors instead of permanent magnets.

In the current carrying coil of commercial motors, there are more turns of conducting wire.

The coil is coiled on a soft iron core for commercial purposes.