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The cell cycle is divided into two basic phases:: Interphase and M Phase (Mitosis phase). The M Phase represents the phase when the actual cell division or mitosis occurs and the interphase represents the phase between two successive M phases. The M Phase starts with the nuclear division, corresponding to the separation of daughter chromosomes (karyokinesis) and usually ends with division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis). The interphase, though called the resting phase, is the time during which the cell is preparing for division by undergoing both cell growth and DNA replication in an orderly manner. The interphase is divided into three further phases: G1 phase (Gap 1)S phase (Synthesis) and G2 phase (Gap 2). During G1 phase the cell is metabolically active and continuously grows but does not replicate its DNA. S or synthesis phase marks the period during which DNA synthesis or replication takes place. During this time the amount of DNA per cell doubles. During the G2 phase, proteins are synthesised in preparation for mitosis while cell growth continues.

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