Cardiac output is determined by

Cardiac output can be understood as the total volume of blood that the heart pumps every minute.

The formula used to calculate cardiac output is CO = HR × SV.

Here are the CO – Cardiac output, HR – Heartbeat rate per minute, SV- Stroke volume — the amount of blood circulated by the heart with each beat.

Final Answer: As we can see the contribution of both Heart rate and stroke volume in determining cardiac output. Therefore the final answer is C: Both A and B.